Long-tailed macaques are widespread throughout the islands of Southeast Asia into mainland Asia. Long-tailed macaques move quadrupedally through the canopy and spend some amount of time on the ground (Rodman 1991). These macaques are primarily arboreal and can leap distances between trees up to five meters (16.4 ft), using their long tails for balance (Rodman 1991 Rowe 1996). Macaques have cheek pouches in which they can store food as they forage, and transport it away from the foraging site to eat (Lucas & Corlett 1998). In addition to being taller and heavier, males have much larger canine teeth than females (Dittus 2004). Females measure only 385 to 503 mm (1.26 to 1.74 ft) and have average weights between 2.5 and 5.7 kg (5.5 and 12.6 lb) (Fa 1989). Males measure between 412 and 648 mm (1.35 and 2.13 ft) and weigh, on average, between 4.7 and 8.3 kg (10.4 and 18.3 lb). Like other macaques ( Macaca), long-tailed macaques are sexually dimorphic (Dittus 2004). By two to three months of age, they begin to lose their black coat and by one year, they have the adult coloration (Fooden 1995). Infants have a natal coat and are born black, changing to the adult pelage as they mature (Rowe 1996). The defining characteristic, for which they are named, is their extraordinarily long tail that is almost always longer than their height from head to rump, and ranges in length between 400 and 655 mm (1.31 and 2.15 ft) (Fa 1989 Groves 2001). Both males and females have white coloration on the eyelids near the nose (Rowe 1996). Males have mustaches and cheek whiskers that frame their faces while females have beards as well as cheek whiskers. They have pinkish-brown faces and the fur on their heads sweeps back over their forehead, often creating a crest of hair on the top of their heads. The subspecies of long-tailed macaques vary in color from light brown or grayish to brown fur covering their backs, legs, and arms while their undersides are much lighter (Rowe 1996 Groves 2001).

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